Avascular Necrosis (AVN)

What is Avascular Necrosis (AVN)?

AVN occurs when blood supply to the femoral head is disrupted, leading to bone death and collapse. It can progress to severe arthritis if untreated.

Causes

  • Trauma (fractures or dislocations).
  • Corticosteroid use or alcohol abuse.
  • Medical conditions (e.g., sickle cell disease, lupus).

 

Symptoms

  • Gradual onset of hip pain, radiating to the groin or thigh.
  • Pain worsened by weight-bearing or activity.
  • Stiffness and reduced range of motion.

 

Diagnosis

  • X-rays: Detect late-stage bone collapse.
  • MRI: Identifies early changes and bone marrow edema.

 

Treatment

Non-Surgical

  • Medications to slow disease progression (e.g., bisphosphonates).
  • Core decompression to reduce pressure and stimulate healing.

Surgical

  • Hip Replacement Surgery: For advanced stages with joint destruction.